R v Spark - [2009] 3 NZLR 625

Indecent publications — Offences — “Publication” — “Makes” — Whether material must be made available to public — Whether proof of knowledge of each objectionable image required — Whether creative endeavour required — Nature of knowledge element required — Films, Videos, and Publications Classification Act 1993, ss 123(1)(a), 124(1), 131(1) and 131A(1).

Criminal practice and procedure — Appeal — Whether misdirection means conviction should be overturned — Crimes Act 1961, s 385.

Evidence — Admissibility — Photos of defendant not subject of charge — Relevant to identity — Whether unduly prejudicial — Evidence Act 2006, s 8.